Biochemical effects of the monoamine neurotoxins DSP-4 and MDMA
in specific brain regions of MAO-B-deficient mice
by
Fornai F, Giorgi FS, Gesi M, Chen K, Alessri MG, Shih JC.
Department of Human Morphology and Applied Biology,
University of Pisa, Italy.
f.fornai@drugs.med.unipi.it
Synapse 2001 Mar 1;39(3):213-21

ABSTRACT

Previous studies reported that drugs acting as monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitors prevented biochemical effects induced by the neurotoxins N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy"). In this study, we administered DSP-4 (50 mg/kg) or MDMA (50 mg/kg x 2, 2 h apart) to MAO-B deficient mice. Monoamine content in various brain regions (cerebellum, frontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, striatum, substantia nigra) was assayed 1 week after neurotoxin administration. Injection of DSP-4 to wild-type mice caused a marked norepinephrine (NE) loss in specific brain regions. Unexpectedly, DSP-4 caused similar effects in MAO-B-deficient and in wild-type mice in all brain regions investigated. These results suggest that MAO-B is not involved in DSP-4 toxicity. In wild-types, the neurotoxin MDMA induced both serotonin (5HT) and dopamine (DA) depletion in specific brain areas. In MAO-B-deficient mice, 5HT depletion observed in wild-types did not occur. In contrast, MDMA produced a more pronounced DA loss in knockout mice compared with wild-types. The present findings, together with previous data obtained using selective enzyme inhibitors, suggest that MAO-B is not involved in the mechanism of action of DSP-4, whereas it plays opposite roles in MDMA-induced DA and 5HT depletions.

MAO-B
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Long-term brain damage?
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Electrophysiological evidence of 5-HT damage
Non-neurotoxic and neurotoxic serotonin-releasers
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MDMA (Ecstasy) : neuropharmacology and neurotoxicity

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