The role of the sympathetic nervous system and uncoupling proteins in the thermogenesis induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
by
Mills EM, Rusyniak DE, Sprague JE.
The National Heart,
Lung and Blood Institute, NIH,
Bethesda, MD 20892-1770, USA.
J Mol Med. 2004 Dec;82(12):787-99
ABSTRACTBody temperature regulation involves a homeostatic balance between heat production and dissipation. Sympathetic agents such as 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) can disrupt this balance and as a result produce an often life-threatening hyperthermia. The hyperthermia induced by MDMA appears to result from the activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid/adrenal axis. Norepinephrine release mediated by MDMA creates a double-edged sword of heat generation through activation of uncoupling protein (UCP3) along with alpha(1)- and beta(3)-adrenoreceptors and loss of heat dissipation through SNS-mediated vasoconstriction. This review examines cellular mechanisms involved in MDMA-induced thermogenesis from UCP activation to vasoconstriction and how these mechanisms are related to other thermogenic conditions and potential treatment modalities.History
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