Acute psychological and physiological effects of MDMA ("Ecstasy") after haloperidol pretreatment in healthy humans
by
Liechti ME, Vollenweider FX.
University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich,
Research Unit, P.O. Box 68,
CH-8029, Zurich, Switzerland.
mliechti@bli.unizh.chy
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2000 Jul;10(4):289-95

ABSTRACT

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "Ecstasy") releases serotonin and dopamine. The role for dopamine in mediating the effects of MDMA has not yet been examined in humans. We investigated the effect of pretreatment with the dopamine D(2) antagonist haloperidol (1.4 mg i.v.) on psychological and physiological responses to MDMA (1.5 mg/kg p.o.) in 14 healthy volunteers using a double-blind placebo-controlled within-subject design. Subjective peak effects were rated using standardised scales. The physiological effects measured were blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature. Side effects were assessed during the session, and after 1 and 3 days. Haloperidol attenuated MDMA-induced positive and mania-like mood but had no reducing effect on other subjective changes or on cardiovascular effects. Results are consistent with a partial dopaminergic mediation of the euphoriant effects of MDMA. In contrast, dopamine does not seem to contribute to the physiological effects of MDMA, indicating a role for serotonin and norepinephrine.

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Controversies
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MDMA and immunity
Mesolimbic dopamine
MDMA, serotonin and dopamine
Ecstasy and serotonin synthesis
Potentiation of dopamine release
Activation of striatal dopamine receptors

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